Strategies for the new millennium in mombasa, kenya, december 2000. Cultural tourism in africa association for tourism and leisure. Tourism in kenya statistics the tourism sector recorded the highest number of arrivals ever at 1,265,6 tourists as at december 31, 2011. Tourism is a crucial sector, and high on the list of our governments priorities. Culinary tourism is a subset of agri tourism that focuses specifically on the search for, and enjoyment of, prepared food and drink. Each year the masai mara national reserve is visited by thousands of tourists who come here to watch the exceptional population of game and the annual migration of zebra and wildebeest. The sector slowed down in the 1990s, but it is currently the countrys largest foreign exchange earner, followed by flowers, tea and coffee. Its bevy of iconic game reserves include the maasai mara, amboseli national park and both east and west tsavo. Tourism earnings as a share of gdp increased signi. Department of tourism development and culture mombasa county. Kenyas plans for tourism rely on five pillars to avoid greenwashing. The cabinet secretary for tourism and wildlife this morning chaired.
What are the social impacts of tourism in kenya answers. Jamhuri ya kenya, is a country in africa with 47 semiautonomous counties governed by elected governors. Thus, in most regions of the world, particularly the developed, like for example, europe and north american, cultural attraction has developed. Kenya culture unique customs, etiquette and identity. Cultural tourism is a people tourism that enables tourists to experience authentic cultures combining nature, scenery, folklore, ceremonies, dances, rituals, tales, art, handcrafts and hospitalitygiving a unique insight into the way of life of the people while offering complementary products to wildlife and beach based tourism. Ways of life, customs, religion, art, and handcrafts, among others are.
Destination management organizations dmo are often the only advocates for a holistic tourism industry in a place. This paper looks at macro trends and major drivers in tourism as these impact on cultural tourism in general and the council of europe cultural routes in particular. More than 40 national parks and nature reserves are scattered between lake victoria and the indian ocean, covering every imaginable landscape and featuring just about every animal in africa. Traditional peoples who bring soul and colour to the earth. Other kenya s tourism products are business travel, eco tourism, conference tourism, cruse tourism, cultural tourism, mountain climbingtrekking, golfing, birding etc. However, tourism in kenya is one of the leading sources of foreign exchange along with coffee. His research focuses on planning, policy formulation, product diversification, and sustainable development. The creation of the maasai image and tourism development in kenya.
Ministry of sports, culture and heritage government of kenya, nairobi, kenya. The kenyan tourism industry has been challenged by a number of factors. An analysis of f the challenges facing cultural tourism. Assessing the contribution of cultural heritage sites to. The journey of people to specific destinations that offer cultural attractions, including historic sites and artistic and cultural events and shows, with the aim of acquiring new knowledge and experiences that meet the intellectual needs and individual growth of the traveler. Ministry of sports, culture and heritage government of kenya.
A form of tourism that allows tourists be immersed in local cultural related activities such as rituals and festivities. The main aim of the conference was to identify innovative and creative strategies for the development, promotion and marketing of culturebased tourism in africa in the new millennium. Tour operators in kenya have become aware of the need to diversify the countrys tourism product from wildlife and beachbased attractions to include diverse aspects of kenya peoples culture. A trip to kenya is about more than just wildl ntry is found among the combined faces of kenyas many cultures ach of our landscapes has a different cultural. Kenya has received news of the decision by china to.
Kenyas wildlife and unique landscapes have attracted a growth in ecotourism, and much of its economy is now primarily sustained by foreign revenue brought in by tourism, causing a myriad of positive and negative impacts to its culture, ecosystems, and the lifestyles of its local people. Some of the impacts include soil erosion, animals can become more frightened of people in. Tourists like to see the wildlife as much as possible and at. The multifaceted culture of kenya is expressed in different forms, ranging from its people and language, food, music and dance, art, artifacts, theatre and literature to its. Cultural tourism could rapidly be transformed in a dangerous kind of tourism of the culture, with all the big and bad changes the balinese dont want to see. The tourism sector recorded the highest number of arrivals ever at 1,265,6 tourists as at december 31, 2011. Cultural tourism could rapidly be transformed in a dangerous kind of tourism of the culture, with all the big and bad changes the balinese dont want to see happening on their lovely and holy. It leads the destination in providing opportunity for authentic cultural exchange between locals and visitors. Dec 26, 2008 tourism and aboriginal culture duration. Dec 14, 2014 tourism in kenya is a source of foreign exchange and income for the government. Tourism infrastructure road network, ferry, airport facilities 3. As a country, we already have a vibrant tourism industry and both leisure tourism and business events industry hold massive potential to play an even more meaningful role in the economic transformation of our country and the upliftment of our people and the rest. Kenya, but many kenyas, and while this is a challenge to any writer, the much greater challenges are those faced by not just the kenyan government but governments everywhere in africa. In kenya, cultural and natural heritage has a particular value.
Cultural tourism development program has been created to assist with the development and support of new cultural tourism experiences within national parks. The main aim of the conference was to identify innovative and creative strategies for the development, promotion and marketing of culture based tourism in africa in the new millennium. The kenyan culture has grown over the course of a long history, starting in fact from the known beginning of human time in the cradle of humanity, where the earliest known. Kenya is the original safari destination and remains one of the best places in africa to see wild animals. Kenya culture kenyan culture, customs and traditions.
Harnessing tourism for growth and improved livelihoods 5 ssa tourism sectors must maintain competitiveness through. Facts about kenya food, culture, history and landmarks posted by kathleen sep, 2015. This helps reduce dependence on other sectors such as agriculture, which are subject to weather and market conditions that can often be unpredictable. Pdf development of culture heritage tourism in kenya. Tourism is one of the key industries driving the current change and tourism could be a transformative tool within this takeoff. The study went one step further to explore why tourists. The country takes its name from mount kenya, located in the central highlands. Lions and leopards are just part of the landscape in kenya, one of east africas favourite safari destination. Eleven cultural heritage elements or factors in need of preservation and exploitation for tourism were found.
Many travelers who visit kenya are safaribound tourists who come to visit the various tourist attractions in the country. Some of the impacts include soil erosion, animals can become more frightened of people in their natural habitat, and soil erosion from. The industry acts as a new platform to promote local cultures and international cultural exchange. He teaches tourism planning, product development, and sustainable tourism. The kenya tourism board telling kenyas story departments. The impact of culture on tourism examines the growing relationship between tourism and culture, and the way in which they have together become major drivers of destination attractiveness and competitiveness. While kenya offers a magical destination in terms of wildlife and landscape, no visitor to kenya leaves untouchzed by its people and their vibrant and varied culture. World bank concludes that ssa could be on the cusp of an economic takeoff, much like china was 30 years ago, and india was 20 years ago. At 580,367 square kilometres 224,081 sq mi, kenya is the worlds 48th largest country by total area. Towards tourism product development, diversification and extension odunga, p.
In another article on tourism marketing, sustainable development and international tourism eccles 1995, the authors metaanalysis is related to destination planning, marketing and promotion, and new products. It is located on the eastern part of the continent at the equator. Under threat of extinction and a testament to the resilience of wild creatures in wild places, the african rhino is an enduring symbol of the beautiful strangeness of the natural wor. History, performance and challenges of tourism industry in. Ways of life, customs, religion, art, and handcrafts, among others are in demand among those visiting kenya. The impact of tourism on the conservation of the cultural heritage. The masai mara national reserve is one of the top tourist attractions in kenya and the countrys most popular game park.
The natural beauty and the existence of an abundance of wildlife attract many tourists from the developed world. Facts about kenya food, culture, history and landmarks. Therefore, the tourism industry need to diversify their products and include more cultural tourism based components of which food and drink is a key contender. The social impacts of kenyan tourism can be pretty heavy. The official facebook page of the ministry of sports, culture and the arts. The maasai people of kenya have for a long time remained outside mainstream tourism development.
During the 1990s, the number of tourists travelling to kenya decreased, partly due to the wellpublicised murders of several tourists. Pdf on oct 7, 2016, and evaristus irandu and others published development of culture heritage tourism in kenya. Furthermore, employment in the tourism sector, although small, has grown rapidly in the 1990s. Kenya culture is a fascinating way of life that blends the traditions of thousands of years of african social evolution with the modern influences of the 20th century. In relation to transport each of the authors he has presented. On average the contribution of tourism to gdp was 10% since 2002 to 2008 wttc,2009.
With regard to exports, the contribution of tourism revenue generally rose during the years 1986 to 2008, amounting to more than 40. Therefore, the role of culture is becoming increasingly important in the development of the tourism industry. Tourism in kenya has seen steady growth since independence. In the past, up to 21% of kenyas national income has been derived from tourism. Download citation cultural tourism in kenya this study investigates the cultural heritage of the gusii community in western kenya, with particular emphasis. Republic of kenya ministry of tourism and wildlife. Tourism is the lead sector in the plan to achieve a transformation of the national economy kenya tourism board, 2016. Tourism within kenya is found to be very successful in terms of economic benefit. Culture is a main pull factor which influences a visitors initial decision to travel to a destination in different part of the world.
In kenya, the promotion of food as a component of its destination attractiveness is in its infancy at both the international and domestic level. In the past, up to 21% of kenya s national income has been derived from tourism. While ecotourism and sustainable tourism are recognized as an important, growing tourism segment, primary research to quantify the size and scope of the market in the usa or internationally is lacking work with unwto to collect consistent visitor data, at least from primary markets. For destinations, it encourages local communities to embrace their culture and boost economic growth, developing culturally geared tourism. Kennedy ondimu is lecturer at the moi university, school of business management departmemt of tourism management, po box 1125, eldoret, kenya.
Tourism in kenya is a source of foreign exchange and income for the government. Greenwashing is a term used to describe the act of misleading consumers regarding the environmental practices of a company or the environmental. Conservation of natural and cultural heritage in kenya. Adventure tourism market report, study by george washington. Vast savannahs peppered with immense herds of wildlife. This resource has been developed to provide potential cultural tourism operators with an understanding of the tourism industry and all the. Beach tourism, ecotourism, cultural tourism, and sports tourism are all part of the tourism sector in kenya. Its prehistoric heritage not only tells the story of mans origin and evolution but has also contributed to the understanding of the earths history. The quality of their tourism assets high standards in visitor accommodation ef.
Based on recent case studies that illustrate the different facets of the relationship between tourism, culture and. Tourism environments security, harassments, garbage. Culture of kenya history, people, clothing, traditions. The kenyan culture has grown over the course of a long history, starting in fact from the known beginning of human time in the cradle of humanity, where the earliest known human. Department of tourism development and culture mombasa. Every year, millions of wildebeest and zebra migrate across the tanzanian border into southern kenya on the annual great migration one of natures most. The pastoral maasai occupy arid and semiarid rangelands in southern kenya and northern tanzania, collectively known as maasailand. The committees decisions and initiatives are guided by the ktb sustainability policy developed in 2014. Every year, millions of wildebeest and zebra migrate across the tanzanian border into southern kenya on the annual great. Whilst market knowledge of certain elements of kenyas culture and heritage is very. The study went one step further to explore why tourists visit cultural heritage sites and the results were used to develop an attraction development model to guide cultural tourism planning. Learn about the swahili culture showcased through artifacts found in lamu museum, housed in an elaborate swahili. Jan 27, 2018 tourism is the lead sector in the plan to achieve a transformation of the national economy kenya tourism board, 2016.
Culture tourism has demonstrated it has the potential of directly contributing to poverty reduction through employment and jobs for local people, market for products, exposure to knowledge and increased confidence in local people to do little known things. The second biggest means of earning for kenya is tourism. It considers the emergence of new forms of tourism, such as creative tourism and. For a number of reasons it is not possible to detail the culture and customs of each ethnic group in kenya. Tourism in kenya overview and statistics kenya tourism. The 10 best kenya cultural tours with photos tripadvisor. Maasai culture, like any other culture, is a dynamic phenomenon that evolves to adapt to new circumstances and includes a set of values and practices that is associated with a particular way of life. This has proven to be the case for the maasai people living in the group ranches that surround amboseli national park in the amboseli region of kenya. The republic of kenya is an african country which stretches over an area of 581,309 square kilometers. Kenya is located in east africa and borders somalia to the northeast, ethiopia to the north, sudan to the northwest, uganda to the west, tanzania to the south, and the indian ocean to the east. Red robot intelligent distribution recommended for you.
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